Add DRAG_ABORT to enum drag_result_t. DRAG_ABORT will indicate the drag
operation cannot be completed.
Return DRAG_ABORT on UnmapNotify, or when the keyboard or pointer cannot
be grabbed.
Add DRAGGING to return value for drag_result_t. DRAGGING is used
internally by drag_pointer to indicate the drag is in progress.
Change DRAG_CANCEL to DRAG_REVERT to clarify the distinction between
"abort" and "revert/cancel" actions.
Fixes an issue that caused i3 to crash when a user is dragging or
resizing a floating window that becomes destroyed.
[Michael]
This commit should fix problems with people using a non-bourne shell as
login shell, e.g. fish or rc. AFAICT, $SHELL should only be used for
interactive shells, but we just want a bourne shell, not an interactive
shell.
When focusing/moving to outputs, the method of getting the correct
output for a given container fails if the container in question is
floating and only partially mapped on an output screen. This patch
introduces a fail-safe retrieval of the output for any container.
When i3 begins to manage a window, if the window opens on a workspace
that is not visible, the urgency hint on the newly managed window will
be set.
fixes#1088
Reply to _NET_REQUEST_FRAME_EXTENTS by settings _NET_FRAME_EXTENTS
property of the window to widths of the respective borders added by i3.
fixes#1093fixes#1069
This patch introduces a yerror() macro in src/commands.c and also
removes some unused yajl helper macros from src/config_directives.c.
Signed-off-by: Vivien Didelot <vivien.didelot@savoirfairelinux.com>
i3 current behavior hides the binding mode indicator when
workspace buttons are disabled.
This patch adds a new configuration for i3bar called
'binding_mode_indicator' which acts like the workspace_buttons.
It is now possible to configure i3bar to hide the
workspace buttons and keep showing the binding mode indicator.
This should make the hide workspace buttons configuration
more convenient for those who are heavily using binding
modes.
Default value for binding_mode_indicator is true.
If the currently focused window is in fullscreen mode, and a new window
is opened with WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN set, the new window now becomes the
new fullscreen window and gains focus.
This reverts commit 0659a0d98c.
It was a fix for dzen2 setups, but broke several other use cases.
Because dzen2 is not really important since most people use i3bar
nowadays, let’s revert this.
fixes#1062fixes#1068fixes#1070
The effect is that the error handling is much better. posix_fallocate()
will allocate all the requested space, whereas ftruncate() does not.
Before this commit, in case the /dev/shm filesystem is too small to hold
the _contents_ of the log file, i3 will SIGBUS when writing to the shm
logfile. With this commit, it will print an error message on startup,
but continue to run without logging.
This ClientMessage can be used to estimate how big the window will be
before opening it. Java always sends the ClientMessage and checks the
atom that should be set by the window manager, but it seems that the
fallback code path has a race condition.
Let’s see if the situation gets better with this change. I have been
running this patch for about two weeks and have not seen any issues with
it.
fixes#934fixes#709
Add debuglog command that takes toggle|on|off. Add get_debug_logging()
to be able to toggle. Make t/187-commands-parser.t expect 'debuglog'.
Document the debuglog command in userguide.
This commit only goes to “next” because I am not sure whether it
actually makes things better in all cases and want to give it some
testing first.
There was no documented reason behind using the
proportional_{width,height} variables, so I suppose that code was just
stupidity on my part (it was written merely a month after I started this
project in 2009).
fixes#1032
Add shmlog command that takes <size>|toggle|on|off. Separate logbuffer
management into open_logbuffer() and close_logbuffer(). Make
t/187-commands-parser.t expect 'shmlog'. Add update_shmlog_atom() to
update the SHMLOG_PATH. Document the shmlog command in userguide.
Some apps such as Mathematica send a synthetic UnmapNotify event without
properly unmapping their window first. This change makes sure that
happens and fixes an annoying bug with Mathematica where some unmanaged
windows would stay around, but you couldn’t do anything with them.
Thanks to psychon (current awesome maintainer) for helping with the
diagnosis!
fixes#787
The hidden_state and mode of each i3bar instance can now be controlled from within i3.
Therefore, two new i3 command were introduced:
_
bar hidden_state show|hide|toggle [<bar_id>]
show: always show the bar
hide: normal hide mode
toggle: toggle between show and hide (individually for each bar)
_
bar mode dock|hide|invisible|toggle [<bar_id>]
hide,dock: like before
invisible: always keep the bar hidden
toggle: toggle between dock and hide (individually for each bar)
This patch introduces a hidden_state ("hidden_state hide|show") in the
barconfig, which indicates the current hidden_state of each i3bar
instance. It only affects the bar when in hide mode. Additionally, a new
invisible mode was introduced. In order to change the hidden_state or
mode of the bar from i3, a barconfig-update event was introduced, for
which a bar can subscribe and the bar then gets notified about the
currently set hidden_state and mode in its barconfig.
For convenience, an id field ("id <bar_id>") was added to the barconfig, where one can
set the desired id for the corresponding bar. If the id is not specified, i3 will
deterministically choose an id; otherwise, with the previous random approach for finding
a new id, which is actually not shared with i3bar, as it would determine its id on
startup, the event-subscription would be destroyed on reload. Still, this issue remains
when manually changing the bar_id in the config and then reloading.
fixes#833, #651
When moving a fullscreen window to scratchpad with 'move scratchpad', the
focused window would stay fullscreen.
Also, when having a container in fullscreen mode and then focusing a child of
this container and moving it to scratchpad, it would enable fullscreen for
the child window.
This patch fixes both problems, so the scratchpad window is always floating.
In order to distinguish split layouts from tabbed/stacking layouts when
only one window is shown, do not draw the indicator border for tabbed or
stacking layouts.
Note that this is ineffective for dunst’s notifications because dunst
re-raises them as soon as they get obscured. It does work for dzen2
however, which was the original use-case.
fixes#569
This is the only sane way I can think of to deal with the problem that
the screen size may not be dividable by the amount of tabbed children
(e.g. 1280 / 41 = 31.219512…).
fixes#645fixes#791
What I do in this patch is:
1. Split the con_new() function, so I can create a Con without actually
create a window.
2. Store the depth of Cons in the layout file when i3 is restarting.
Fix typos and mis-staged files in previous patch.
_NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION indicates that some action in or with
the window happened. It's a weaker hint than urgency flag of WM_HINTS,
but some applications and almost all Qt applications use it instead of
WM_HINTS' urgency flag (one example is Skype).
During smart popup fullscreen handling, display all transient popups
that belong to the respective fullscreen application. A popup window
belongs to another window if the latter is reachable via the path
induced by the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR hints.
fixes#881
Added new event id (I3_IPC_EVENT_WINDOW) so that a an IPC client can
subscribe to events on windows. Added a basic window event that gets
triggered when a window gets successfully reparented. This new event
also dumps the container data, so that IPC clients can get the initial
window name. IPC clients wishing to see window events should subscribe
to 'window'.
This patch adds the following features:
1) Configure a color of the separator via config. It is done like
bar {
colors {
separator #000000
}
}
2) A block can have an integer entry "separator_block_width" which
sets the width of the gap which would follow after the current block.
3) A block can have a boolean entry "separator" and if it is set
to false, then the drawing of the separating line would be disabled.
This change ensures a scratchpad window is still centered on the screen
if it has first been shown on another screen of a different
resolution. Moving or resizing the scratchpad manually disables this
behavior.
fixes#809
This makes the moving behavior more consistent. If you want to focus the
workspace you are moving to, just chain the keybinding in your config
file:
bindsym $mod+Shift+1 move workspace 1; workspace 1
It looks like the code which was removed with this commit was not
necessary anyways since con_move_to_workspace() by now checks on its own
whether it moves to the scratchpad.
fixes#913
We eagerly marked all KeyRelease bindings as eligible to match without
checking modifiers, while this should only be allowed for the key
binding which actually was pressed.
fixes#915
When an X11 window is closed (say, urxvt), i3 gets an UnmapNotify event
and destroys (DestroyWindow) the window decorations. Before this commit,
the DestroyWindow call was sent immediately.
This lead to a situation where — due to the DestroyNotify — EnterNotify
events were generated that would cause the focus to be set to the
underlying window.
With this commit, i3 first renders the tree and pushes changes to X11
before calling DestroyWindow. Therefore, the surrounding containers will
take up any space that was freed by the window which was closed and no
EnterNotify will be generated.
fixes#660
• our function names use underscores
• rewrote the function’s comment
• function comments must be in the source _and_ in the header
• no blank lines after function signatures
Add a `current' and `old' properties to the `focus' change type,
containing the current and old workspace respectively. These additions
are not necessary anywhere else because `focus' is always triggered when
changing ws.
The corresponding command is 'rename workspace to <name>'. As a side-effect
this fixes the command 'rename workspace 1 to to'.
Signed-off-by: Michael Walle <michael@walle.cc>
With this commit, the default behavior is to display popups while there
is a fullscreen application only if the popup belongs to that
application (as determined by the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR hint which
applications have to set properly).
fixes#663
Focusing child from a workspace should now skip over the floating con and
go directly to its child. Focusing parent from that grandchild should leave
the workspace focused again.
As the workspace might be reached via recursion (e.g. moving from the edge
of a fullscreen split container), it's necessary to check for a fullscreen
container whenever a workspace is reached.
If a window with _NET_STARTUP_ID set is moved to another workspace, it
will delete any associated startup sequence immediately. This will also
occur if a window has a leader with _NET_STARTUP_ID set, if the leader
has no container (never been mapped).
A startup sequence may also be deleted if it's matched by
startup_workspace_for_window() and its 30-second timeout has elapsed.
This avoids a case where a fullscreen container could be moved onto a
workspace that already had its own fullscreen container, leading to
two fullscreen containers on top of each other.
Previously, while the loop would not be executed anymore, the callback
(for actually repositioning the window after a MotionNotify) would still
get called once. This commit avoids that, thus fixing the crash.
fixes#819
Fix a crash that occured when moving a window to the scratchpad that is
seemingly floating to the user, but actually a descendant of a floating
parent con (and itself non-floating). If that is the case, move the
floating parent container to scratchpad instead of the window.
fixes#740
This commit breaks floating window keyboard focus order
(t/135-floating-focus.t) when you have > 2 floating windows. Since
keyboard focus is more important than saving one click to raise floating
windows, I revert the commit.
Note that we cannot implement this without keeping a third list (beneath
floating_windows and focus) for the z coordinate of a floating window.
This seems not worth it.
This reverts commit 064be457e5.
This makes our signal handler useless and leads to infinite SIGSEGV
loops because the ev callback handler gets called only from within the
event loop, and control doesn’t necessary get to the event loop…
This reverts commit 514265b529.
If there is a single floating con on a separate workspace that is not
focused, and this con becomes urgent, switching back to that workspace
may result in a crash of i3. This is because while setting the urgency
of parent containers, 'parent' may become NULL in case of floating
containers. This commit checks the validity of parent.
fixes#821
We need to verify that setting the event mask works, and we need to
include StructureNotify to get unmap events at any point in time.
Thanks darkraven for the pointer.
fixes#718
Previously, when you had an urgent container in a stack on some
invisible workspace (say urxvt) and you switched to it, the urgency hint
was not properly cleared.
Previously, i3 would send width=0, height=0 to windows which were put on
workspaces created by an assignment (that is, invisible workspaces,
which do not get rendered normally).
fixes#653
The removed code was add by commit 61b8a62 to fix#564. That bug is cause
by rendering the mplayer window again as a floating window (even if it
has been rendered before as a fullscreen window, at line 202). So simply
checking for fullscreen window is enough to solve this problem. Treating
floating/tiling fullscreen window differently is not needed.
A good visualization of the new algorithm is this:
+--------+
| |
+--------+=| S1 |========================
| | | |
| S0 | +--------+
| | +--------+
+--------+=========| |================
| S2 | +--------+
| | | |
+--------+ | S3 |
| |
+--------+
When focus is on S0, 'focus output right' will first match S1 (the
closest output which overlaps in the highlighted area), then S2, but not
S3 (since S3 does not overlap into the highlighted area).
fixes#669fixes#771
While it’s certainly better and clearer to specify it, we should do the
right thing when the unit is missing, just like CSS for example
(margin: 0; is okay, margin: 0px; too).
If there is a client with an urgency hint on another workspace and
switching to this workspace would cause the urgency to be reset (by
moving the focusing to the client), delay the reset by some time. This
gives the user the chance to see it.
This commit adds the possibility to configure the urgency delay timer
duration using the 'force_display_urgency_hint' directive. Also,
documentation and a testcase was added to allow for automated checks of
the intended behavior.
fixes#482
this implements both the "move container to workspace back_and_forth" command
and movements to the same workspace when auto_back_and_forth is set.
it includes documentation and test suite additions by michael.
it also simplifies the workspace_show_by_name function (making use of
workspace_get accepting NULL pointers).
Introducing a new event to subscribe called mode. It's fired up
when i3 changes binding mode (like switching from default to resize).
IPC guide adjusted also.
Functions such as fprintf() might be unsafe to use in a signal handler,
see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3941271/#answer-3941563
By using ev_signal, libev will use a tiny signal handler which just
passes on the information and then calls (outside of the signal handler)
our callback function which can use fprintf() and other unsafe
functions.
fixes#803
Before commit 4976fa3350, setting the
layout of workspaces to something else than the default would just mess
up the parent container of the workspace (the content container).
After that commit, it would create an unnecessary split container when
you change the layout _before_ opening any containers. To avoid this, we
now store the layout (similar to how the 'workspace_layout'
configuration directive works) and apply it when the first container is
attached to the workspace.
Fixes#796
If the focused application is in fullscreen mode and 'scratchpad show'
is executed, toggle the fullscreen mode before showing the scratchpad
application. Otherwise, the scratchpad app would not be visible anyways
but focus would be stolen.
fixes#613
The problem was that scratchpad_move() didn’t check whether the source
workspace was focused. Therefore, 'move scratchpad' only worked reliably
interactively , but not when used with criteria.
For the following binding:
# Simulate ctrl+v upon pressing $mod+x
bindsym --release $mod+x exec --no-startup-id xdotool key --clearmodifiers ctrl+v
you can now use either:
1. press $mod, press x, release x, release $mod
2. press $mod, press x, release $mod, release x
fixes#485
The implementation is naive because the user has to generate exactly the
event he specified. That is, if you use this binding:
bindsym --release $mod+x exec import /tmp/latest-screenshot.png
Then it will only be triggered if you hit $mod, hit x, release x,
release $mod. It will not be triggered if you hit $mod, hit x, release
$mod, release x. The reason is that the KeyRelease event in the latter
case will not have the modifier in its flags, so it doesn’t match the
configured binding.
In tabbed mode, the available width (say 1280) is divided by the amount
of child containers (say 3). Before this commit, we just truncated the
result and would end up with 426 + 426 + 426 = 1278 pixels that we
render to. Now we render a bit too much, but that’ll at least not give
us graphics corruption on any side :).
fixes#791
When the workspace layout (formerly orientation) was forced to change
due to a move command, the split container we created was not marked as
split = true, which caused tree_flatten() to errnously kill the contents
of it and thus one window ended up unmanaged.
Also, the logic in tree_flatten() was inverted due to commit de94f6da.
fixes#790
This changes the fact that Firefox would not be launched on the correct
workspace because it marked the startup sequence as completed *before*
actually mapping all of its windows.
To test this, go to workspace 3 and run this command in a terminal:
i3-msg 'exec iceweasel; workspace 4'
That will make i3 start iceweasel (and create a proper startup
notification context for it), then immediately switch to workspace 4
(before iceweasel could possibly start).
The iceweasel window(s) should appear on workspace 3.
Basically, this is the same fix as commit 914ca6cf :-/. Once again, we
called exit() instead of _exit(), but this time it lead to a kill(0,
SIGTERM), effectively killing all processes in the i3 process group,
including i3 itself. The cause for the kill(0) is that nagbar_pid is set
to 0 by fork(), signaling we’re in the child process. The cleanup
handler only checks for nagbar_pid being -1 as a special value, however.
Previously, in case 'layout stacked' (for example) had been called
interactively, con_set_layout would be called with focused->parent,
while with for_window, it’d be called on the actual matching container.
This difference in behavior was the cause for the inability to use
'for_window [class="XTerm"] layout tabbed', which now works \o/, but
more on that below.
The change also allows us to handle the case of the user selecting a
CT_WORKSPACE container properly, that is, by using the special case and
creating a new split container on the workspace which gets all the
contents, but a new layout.
Now, before you are enthusiastic about the change and try to use
for_window magic in your config file, keep in mind: The 'layout' command
acts on the parent split container. That is, when using a line such as
this one:
for_window [class="XTerm"] layout tabbed
…and opening an XTerm when on a workspace with one single other window,
the whole workspace will be set tabbed (just as previously when you
opened an XTerm and sent 'layout tabbed' manually).
Therefore, to open XTerm in its own tabbed split container, you need to
split before:
for_window [class="XTerm"] split v, layout tabbed
The comma here is important! It says that the second command should not
be treated as an entirely unrelated command, but it should also relate
the matching window (while it does work with a ';', that is prone to
race-conditions and should be avoided).
fixes#358
When you have a tabbed container which has had more than one container
but currently has precisely one container, there was a bit of flickering
when switching workspaces occasionally. This commit fixes it by properly
setting the height of the deco_rect (and thus the X11 window) to not
make the old window contents show up for a minimum period of time.
fixes#777
This fixes a compatibility issue with gnome-terminal and xfce’s
terminal, where fullscreening would lead to moving the window and not
displaying the contents properly.
fixes#788
When resizing floating windows, changing the height was not correctly
handled. This commit fixes that and adds testcases for shrinking and
growing the width and height of floating windows.
To automagically do the right thing when rotating monitors with regards
to splith/splitv layout (depending on width/height of the monitor), we
change the orientation of existing workspaces and the first child.
If that first child happens to be a stacked/tabbed con, we cannot change
the layout unconditionally (previously, the orientation was not in the
layout, so we never noticed this problem).
fixes#768
The latter is actually wrong. For example, when running i3
--moreversion, it will print $(pwd)/i3 instead of $(which i3). In my
previous tests, this coincidentally was the same.
This changes the SHM log format, it doesn’t use 0-bytes to separate
entries anymore. Instead of using lots of printf() calls in i3-dump-log,
we now do precisely one big write().
So, to be clear: i3-dump-log and i3 both need to be upgraded.
Mismatching versions will lead to garbage output (no crashes of i3, just
garbage output).
The -f flag uses an inter-process pthread_cond_t in the shared memory
header to broadcast the arrival of new messages to all i3-dump-log
processes. This internally uses futexes and thus doesn’t even mean a
kernel call in most cases. inter-process pthread_cond_ts require NPTL
(the Native Posix Thread Library, introduce in Linux 2.6).
From the source:
When starting i3 initially (and after each change to the connected
outputs), this function fixes the resolution of the __i3
pseudo-output. When that resolution is not set to a function which
shares a common divisor with every active output’s resolution,
floating point calculation errors will lead to the scratchpad window
moving when shown repeatedly.
fixes#632
Since we advertise _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW support (but only set the
corresponding atom currently), it makes sense to also support the
ClientMessage. Apps such as Gajim use it to set focus to the roster
window when clicking on the tray icon for example.
fixes#767
Compilers store the path with which they were called in the debug
symbols. Therefore, this will make backtraces show something like
../i3-4.2/src/main.c instead of src/main.c.
See also http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6473561/
before:
$ time CC=clang make -j16
CC=clang make -j16 6,04s user 0,86s system 468% cpu 1,471 total
CC=clang make -j16 6,05s user 0,87s system 468% cpu 1,477 total
CC=clang make -j16 6,15s user 0,86s system 464% cpu 1,510 total
CC=clang make -j16 6,05s user 0,93s system 467% cpu 1,493 total
CC=clang make -j16 6,10s user 0,84s system 461% cpu 1,507 total
$ time CC=gcc make -j16
CC=gcc make -j16 9,91s user 1,43s system 508% cpu 2,231 total
CC=gcc make -j16 10,02s user 1,37s system 500% cpu 2,275 total
CC=gcc make -j16 9,80s user 1,60s system 507% cpu 2,245 total
CC=gcc make -j16 10,02s user 1,44s system 506% cpu 2,264 total
CC=gcc make -j16 9,99s user 1,45s system 505% cpu 2,261 total
after:
$ time CC=clang make -j16
CC=clang make -j16 3,41s user 0,83s system 375% cpu 1,131 total
CC=clang make -j16 3,29s user 0,90s system 373% cpu 1,122 total
CC=clang make -j16 3,35s user 0,77s system 369% cpu 1,116 total
CC=clang make -j16 3,36s user 0,78s system 374% cpu 1,105 total
CC=clang make -j16 3,46s user 0,75s system 373% cpu 1,126 total
$ time CC=gcc make -j16
CC=gcc make -j16 10,74s user 1,44s system 494% cpu 2,462 total
CC=gcc make -j16 10,68s user 1,54s system 497% cpu 2,453 total
CC=gcc make -j16 10,60s user 1,60s system 488% cpu 2,499 total
CC=gcc make -j16 10,63s user 1,51s system 485% cpu 2,502 total
CC=gcc make -j16 10,70s user 1,51s system 497% cpu 2,453 total
Therefore, we enable pre-compiled headers only when CC=clang.
This is useful for third-party scripts which require certain features
and want to error out cleanly when they are run with an old i3 version.
Additionally, i3 --version might be different from what’s actually
running (an old version of the binary), so i3-msg -t get_version will be
the best way to figure out the i3 version you are actually running from
this commit on.
With this commit, the "default" layout is replaced by the splith and
splitv layouts. splith is equivalent to default with orientation
horizontal and splitv is equivalent to default with orientation
vertical.
The "split h" and "split v" commands continue to work as before, they
split the current container and you will end up in a split container
with layout splith (after "split h") or splitv (after "split v").
To change a splith container into a splitv container, use either "layout
splitv" or "layout toggle split". The latter command is used in the
default config as mod+l (previously "layout default"). In case you have
"layout default" in your config file, it is recommended to just replace
it by "layout toggle split", which will work as "layout default" did
before when pressing it once, but toggle between horizontal/vertical
when pressing it repeatedly.
The rationale behind this commit is that it’s cleaner to have all
parameters that influence how windows are rendered in the layout itself
rather than having a special parameter in combination with only one
layout. This enables us to change existing split containers in all cases
without breaking existing features (see ticket #464). Also, users should
feel more confident about whether they are actually splitting or just
changing an existing split container now.
As a nice side-effect, this commit brings back the "layout toggle"
feature we once had in i3 version 3 (see the userguide).
AFAIK, it is safe to use in-place restart to upgrade into versions
after this commit (switching to an older version will break your layout,
though).
Fixes#464
e.g. pressing Mod1+x when having the following in your configfile:
bindsym Mod1+x some invalid command
will lead to an i3-nagbar instance popping up, offering you to view the
error log (which will contain parser errors from this commit on).
This workaround is necessary for terminal emulators which parse -e in a
different way: some accept a list of arguments (-e command arg1 arg2 …),
some accept only one argument (-e "command arg1 arg2 …"). Therefore, we
just create a script and pass that as the one and only argument.
CPPFLGES, CFLAGS and LDFLAGS should be user variables
We now provide default flags but use I3_*FLAGS flags for our own needed
flags
Also reoder lib flags a bit
In certain situations (when you have a h-split within a h-split) you
couldn’t properly resize previously. This commit makes the resize
command properly traverse up the containers.
fixes#754
This fixes a race condition when running the tests. I think that the X11
server has more time to clean up the resources when we do an explicit
disconnect. The symptom I was seeing was that sometimes, i3 couldn’t
become the window manager on one of the Xdummy instances.
Depending on the memory layout, it could happen that bind->command was
exchanged with something else while the parser still accessed it.
Therefore, we now copy the command and let the parser use that copy.
When moving window from other (not current) workspace to another
workspace with criteria we should stay on current workspace.
And we should exit early when criteria was specified but didn't
match any window.
This is now restricted according to the already defined fullscreen
focus constraints. Test case 157 was removed, as we don't prevent
level up/down in fullscreen anymore. Those commands are properly
tested in fullscreen by test case 156.
Fixes: #612
Basically, a focus change can't escape a fullscreen container. The
only exception is per-output fullscreen containers, as you should
be able to focus a container in a different workspace in this case.
This is an improvement on 4eab046e, now considering the difference
between global and per-output fullscreen and taking the tree
structure into account to determine what escaping the fullscreen
container means. It only affects targeted focus commands in the
form "for_window [...] focus", but it lays the foundation for
forthcoming fixes to all other focus commands.
If the target is in a different workspace, there's no reason why
we wouldn't allow the user to focus it. We already allow this when
focusing a workspace, for example.
Tony Crisci