304 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
304 lines
7.4 KiB
Groff
i3(1)
|
||
=====
|
||
Michael Stapelberg <michael+i3@stapelberg.de>
|
||
v3.epsilon, March 2010
|
||
|
||
== NAME
|
||
|
||
i3 - an improved dynamic, tiling window manager
|
||
|
||
== SYNOPSIS
|
||
|
||
i3 [-a] [-c configfile] [-C] [-d <loglevel>] [-v] [-V]
|
||
|
||
== OPTIONS
|
||
|
||
-a::
|
||
Disables autostart.
|
||
|
||
-c::
|
||
Specifies an alternate configuration file path.
|
||
|
||
-C::
|
||
Check the configuration file for validity and exit.
|
||
|
||
-d::
|
||
Specifies the debug loglevel. To see the most output, use -d all.
|
||
|
||
-v::
|
||
Display version number (and date of the last commit).
|
||
|
||
-V::
|
||
Be verbose.
|
||
|
||
== DESCRIPTION
|
||
|
||
=== INTRODUCTION
|
||
|
||
i3 was created because wmii, our favorite window manager at the time, didn’t
|
||
provide some features we wanted (multi-monitor done right, for example), had
|
||
some bugs, didn’t progress since quite some time and wasn’t easy to hack at all
|
||
(source code comments/documentation completely lacking). Still, we think the
|
||
wmii developers and contributors did a great job. Thank you for inspiring us to
|
||
create i3.
|
||
|
||
Please be aware that i3 is primarily targeted at advanced users and developers.
|
||
|
||
=== TERMINOLOGY
|
||
|
||
Client::
|
||
A client is X11-speak for a window.
|
||
|
||
Table::
|
||
Your workspace is managed using a table. You can move windows around and create
|
||
new columns (move a client to the right) or rows (move it to the bottom)
|
||
implicitly.
|
||
+
|
||
By "snapping" a client in a specific direction, you increase its colspan/rowspan.
|
||
|
||
Container::
|
||
A container contains a variable number of clients. Each cell of the table is a
|
||
container.
|
||
+
|
||
Containers can be used in various modes. The default mode is called "default"
|
||
and just resizes each client equally so that it fits.
|
||
|
||
Workspace::
|
||
A workspace is a set of clients (technically speaking, it’s just a table).
|
||
Other window managers call this "Virtual Desktops".
|
||
+
|
||
In i3, each workspace is assigned to a specific virtual screen. By default,
|
||
screen 1 has workspace 1, screen 2 has workspace 2 and so on… However, when you
|
||
create a new workspace (by simply switching to it), it’ll be assigned the
|
||
screen you are currently on.
|
||
|
||
Output::
|
||
Using XRandR, you can have an X11 screen spanning multiple real monitors.
|
||
Furthermore, you can set them up in cloning mode or with positions (monitor 1
|
||
is left of monitor 2).
|
||
+
|
||
i3 uses the RandR API to query which outputs are available and which screens
|
||
are connected to these outputs.
|
||
|
||
== KEYBINDINGS
|
||
|
||
Here is a short overview of the default keybindings:
|
||
|
||
j/k/l/;::
|
||
Direction keys (left, down, up, right). They are on your homerow (see the mark
|
||
on your "j" key). Alternatively, you can use the cursor keys.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+<direction>::
|
||
Focus window in <direction>.
|
||
|
||
Mod3+<direction>::
|
||
Focus container in <direction>.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Shift+<direction>::
|
||
Move window to <direction>.
|
||
|
||
Mod3+Shift+<direction>::
|
||
Move container to <direction>.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Control+<direction>::
|
||
Snap container to <direction>.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+<number>::
|
||
Switch to workspace <number>.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Shift+<number>::
|
||
Move window to workspace <number>.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+f::
|
||
Toggle fullscreen mode.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+h::
|
||
Enable stacking layout for the current container.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+e::
|
||
Enable default layout for the current container.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Shift+Space::
|
||
Toggle tiling/floating for the current window.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+t::
|
||
Select the first tiling window if the current window is floating and vice-versa.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Shift+q::
|
||
Kills the current window. This is equivalent to "clicking on the close button",
|
||
meaning a polite request to the application to close this window. For example,
|
||
Firefox will save its session upon such a request. If the application does not
|
||
support that, the window will be killed and it depends on the application what
|
||
happens.
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Shift+r::
|
||
Restarts i3 in place (without losing any windows, but at this time, the layout
|
||
and placement of windows is not retained).
|
||
|
||
Mod1+Shift+e::
|
||
Exits i3.
|
||
|
||
== FILES
|
||
|
||
=== \~/.i3/config (or ~/.config/i3/config)
|
||
|
||
When starting, i3 looks for configuration files in the following order:
|
||
|
||
1. ~/.config/i3/config (or $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/i3/config if set)
|
||
2. /etc/xdg/i3/config (or $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS/i3/config if set)
|
||
3. ~/.i3/config
|
||
4. /etc/i3/config
|
||
|
||
You can specify a custom path using the -c option.
|
||
|
||
.Sample configuration
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
font -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-C-70-iso10646-1
|
||
|
||
# Start terminal (Mod1+Enter)
|
||
bind Mod1+36 exec /usr/bin/urxvt
|
||
|
||
# Start dmenu (Mod1+v)
|
||
bind Mod1+55 exec /usr/bin/dmenu_run
|
||
|
||
# Kill current client (Mod1+Shift+q)
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+24 kill
|
||
|
||
# Beamer on/off
|
||
bind Mod1+73 exec /home/michael/toggle_beamer.sh
|
||
|
||
# Screen locking
|
||
bind Mod1+68 exec /usr/bin/i3lock
|
||
|
||
# Restart i3 inplace (Mod1+Shift+r)
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+27 restart
|
||
|
||
# Exit i3 (Mod1+Shift+e)
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+26 exit
|
||
|
||
# Brightness
|
||
bind Mod1+97 exec sudo sh -c "echo up > /proc/acpi/ibm/brightness"
|
||
bind Mod1+103 exec sudo sh -c "echo down > /proc/acpi/ibm/brightness"
|
||
|
||
# Fullscreen (Mod1+f)
|
||
bind Mod1+41 f
|
||
|
||
# Stacking (Mod1+h)
|
||
bind Mod1+43 s
|
||
|
||
# Default (Mod1+e)
|
||
bind Mod1+26 d
|
||
|
||
# Toggle tiling/floating of the current window (Mod1+Shift+Space)
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+65 t
|
||
|
||
# Go into the tiling layer / floating layer, depending on whether
|
||
# the current window is tiling / floating (Mod1+t)
|
||
bind Mod1+28 focus ft
|
||
|
||
# Focus (Mod1+j/k/l/;)
|
||
bind Mod1+44 h
|
||
bind Mod1+45 j
|
||
bind Mod1+46 k
|
||
bind Mod1+47 l
|
||
|
||
# Focus Container (Mod3+j/k/l/;)
|
||
bind Mod3+44 wch
|
||
bind Mod3+45 wcj
|
||
bind Mod3+46 wck
|
||
bind Mod3+47 wcl
|
||
|
||
# Snap (Mod1+Control+j/k/l/;)
|
||
bind Mod1+Control+44 sh
|
||
bind Mod1+Control+45 sj
|
||
bind Mod1+Control+46 sk
|
||
bind Mod1+Control+47 sl
|
||
|
||
# Move (Mod1+Shift+j/k/l/;)
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+44 mh
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+45 mj
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+46 mk
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+47 ml
|
||
|
||
# Move Container (Mod3+Shift+j/k/l/;)
|
||
bind Mod3+Shift+44 wcmh
|
||
bind Mod3+Shift+45 wcmj
|
||
bind Mod3+Shift+46 wcmk
|
||
bind Mod3+Shift+47 wcml
|
||
|
||
# Workspaces
|
||
bind Mod1+10 1
|
||
bind Mod1+11 2
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
# Move to Workspace
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+10 1
|
||
bind Mod1+Shift+11 2
|
||
...
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
=== ~/.xsession
|
||
|
||
This file is where you should configure your locales and start i3. It is run by
|
||
your login manager (xdm, slim, gdm, …) as soon as you login.
|
||
|
||
.Sample xsession
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
# Disable DPMS turning off the screen
|
||
xset dpms force on
|
||
xset s off
|
||
|
||
# Disable bell
|
||
xset -b
|
||
|
||
# Enable zapping (C-A-<Bksp> kills X)
|
||
setxkbmap -option terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp
|
||
|
||
# Enforce correct locales from the beginning
|
||
unset LC_COLLATE
|
||
export LC_CTYPE=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_NUMERIC=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_MONETARY=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_MESSAGES=C
|
||
export LC_PAPER=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_NAME=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_ADDRESS=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_TELEPHONE=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_MEASUREMENT=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
export LC_IDENTIFICATION=de_DE.UTF-8
|
||
|
||
# Use XToolkit in java applications
|
||
export AWT_TOOLKIT=XToolkit
|
||
|
||
# Set background color
|
||
xsetroot -solid "#333333"
|
||
|
||
# Enable core dumps in case something goes wrong
|
||
ulimit -c unlimited
|
||
|
||
# Start i3 and log to ~/.i3/logfile
|
||
echo "Starting at $(date)" >> ~/.i3/logfile
|
||
exec /usr/bin/i3 >> ~/.i3/logfile
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
== TODO
|
||
|
||
There is still lot of work to do. Please check our bugtracker for up-to-date
|
||
information about tasks which are still not finished.
|
||
|
||
== SEE ALSO
|
||
|
||
You should have a copy of the userguide (featuring nice screenshots/graphics
|
||
which is why this is not integrated into this manpage), the debugging guide,
|
||
and the "how to hack" guide. If you are building from source, run:
|
||
+make -C docs+
|
||
|
||
You can also access these documents online at http://i3.zekjur.net/
|
||
|
||
i3-input(1), i3-msg(1)
|
||
|
||
== AUTHOR
|
||
|
||
Michael Stapelberg and contributors
|