468 lines
16 KiB
Perl
Executable File
468 lines
16 KiB
Perl
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env perl
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# vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
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#
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# © 2012 Michael Stapelberg
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#
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# No dependencies except for perl ≥ v5.10
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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use Data::Dumper;
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use IPC::Open2;
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use POSIX qw(locale_h);
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use File::Find;
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use File::Basename qw(basename);
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use File::Temp qw(tempfile);
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use Getopt::Long;
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use Pod::Usage;
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use v5.10;
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use utf8;
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use open ':encoding(utf8)';
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binmode STDOUT, ':utf8';
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binmode STDERR, ':utf8';
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# reads in a whole file
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sub slurp {
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open(my $fh, '<', shift) or die "$!";
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local $/;
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<$fh>;
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}
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my $entry_type = 'both';
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my $dmenu_cmd = 'dmenu -i';
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my $result = GetOptions(
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'dmenu=s' => \$dmenu_cmd,
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'entry-type=s' => \$entry_type,
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'version' => sub {
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say "dmenu-desktop 1.2 © 2012 Michael Stapelberg";
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exit 0;
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},
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'help' => sub {
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pod2usage(-exitval => 0);
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});
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die "Could not parse command line options" unless $result;
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Convert LC_MESSAGES into an ordered list of suffixes to search for in the ┃
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# ┃ .desktop files (e.g. “Name[de_DE@euro]” for LC_MESSAGES=de_DE.UTF-8@euro ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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# For details on how the transformation of LC_MESSAGES to a list of keys that
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# should be looked up works, refer to “Localized values for keys” of the
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# “Desktop Entry Specification”:
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# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s04.html
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my $lc_messages = setlocale(LC_MESSAGES);
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# Ignore the encoding (e.g. .UTF-8)
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$lc_messages =~ s/\.[^@]+//g;
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my @suffixes = ($lc_messages);
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# _COUNTRY and @MODIFIER are present
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if ($lc_messages =~ /_[^@]+@/) {
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my $no_modifier = $lc_messages;
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$no_modifier =~ s/@.*//g;
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push @suffixes, $no_modifier;
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my $no_country = $lc_messages;
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$no_country =~ s/_[^@]+//g;
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push @suffixes, $no_country;
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}
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# Strip _COUNTRY and @MODIFIER if present
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$lc_messages =~ s/[_@].*//g;
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push @suffixes, $lc_messages;
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Read all .desktop files and store the values in which we are interested. ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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my %desktops;
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# See http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html#variables
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my $xdg_data_home = $ENV{XDG_DATA_HOME};
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$xdg_data_home = $ENV{HOME} . '/.local/share' if
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!defined($xdg_data_home) ||
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$xdg_data_home eq '' ||
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! -d $xdg_data_home;
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my $xdg_data_dirs = $ENV{XDG_DATA_DIRS};
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$xdg_data_dirs = '/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/' if
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!defined($xdg_data_dirs) ||
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$xdg_data_dirs eq '';
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my @searchdirs = ("$xdg_data_home/applications/");
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for my $dir (split(':', $xdg_data_dirs)) {
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push @searchdirs, "$dir/applications/";
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}
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# Cleanup the paths, maybe some application does not cope with double slashes
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# (the field code %k is replaced with the .desktop file location).
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@searchdirs = map { s,//,/,g; $_ } @searchdirs;
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# To avoid errors by File::Find’s find(), only pass existing directories.
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@searchdirs = grep { -d $_ } @searchdirs;
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find(
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{
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wanted => sub {
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return unless substr($_, -1 * length('.desktop')) eq '.desktop';
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my $relative = $File::Find::name;
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# + 1 for the trailing /, which is missing in ::topdir.
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substr($relative, 0, length($File::Find::topdir) + 1) = '';
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# Don’t overwrite files with the same relative path, we search in
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# descending order of importance.
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return if exists($desktops{$relative});
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$desktops{$relative} = $File::Find::name;
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},
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no_chdir => 1,
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},
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@searchdirs
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);
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my %apps;
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for my $file (values %desktops) {
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my $base = basename($file);
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# _ is an invalid character for a key, so we can use it for our own keys.
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$apps{$base}->{_Location} = $file;
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# Extract all “Name” and “Exec” keys from the [Desktop Entry] group
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# and store them in $apps{$base}.
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my %names;
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my @lines = split("\n", slurp($file));
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for my $line (@lines) {
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my $first = substr($line, 0, 1);
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next if $line eq '' || $first eq '#';
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next unless ($line eq '[Desktop Entry]' ..
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($first eq '[' &&
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substr($line, -1) eq ']' &&
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$line ne '[Desktop Entry]'));
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next if $first eq '[';
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my ($key, $value) = ($line =~ /^
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(
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[A-Za-z0-9-]+ # the spec specifies these as valid key characters
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(?:\[[^]]+\])? # possibly, there as a locale suffix
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)
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\s* = \s* # whitespace around = should be ignored
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(.*) # no restrictions on the values
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$/x);
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if ($key =~ /^Name/) {
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$names{$key} = $value;
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} elsif ($key eq 'Exec' ||
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$key eq 'TryExec' ||
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$key eq 'Type') {
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$apps{$base}->{$key} = $value;
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} elsif ($key eq 'NoDisplay' ||
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$key eq 'Hidden' ||
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$key eq 'StartupNotify' ||
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$key eq 'Terminal') {
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# Values of type boolean must either be string true or false,
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# see “Possible value types”:
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# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s03.html
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$apps{$base}->{$key} = ($value eq 'true');
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}
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}
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for my $suffix (@suffixes) {
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next unless exists($names{"Name[$suffix]"});
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$apps{$base}->{Name} = $names{"Name[$suffix]"};
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last;
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}
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# Fallback to unlocalized “Name”.
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$apps{$base}->{Name} = $names{Name} unless exists($apps{$base}->{Name});
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}
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# %apps now looks like this:
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#
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# %apps = {
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# 'evince.desktop' => {
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# 'Exec' => 'evince %U',
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# 'Name' => 'Dokumentenbetrachter',
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# '_Location' => '/usr/share/applications/evince.desktop'
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# },
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# 'gedit.desktop' => {
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# 'Exec' => 'gedit %U',
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# 'Name' => 'gedit',
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# '_Location' => '/usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop'
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# }
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# };
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Turn %apps inside out to provide Name → filename lookup. ┃
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# ┃ The Name is what we display in dmenu later. ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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my %choices;
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for my $app (keys %apps) {
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my $name = $apps{$app}->{Name};
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# Don’t try to use .desktop files which don’t have Type=application
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next if (!exists($apps{$app}->{Type}) ||
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$apps{$app}->{Type} ne 'Application');
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# Don’t offer apps which have NoDisplay == true or Hidden == true.
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# See http://wiki.xfce.org/howto/customize-menu#hide_menu_entries
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# for the difference between NoDisplay and Hidden.
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next if (exists($apps{$app}->{NoDisplay}) && $apps{$app}->{NoDisplay}) ||
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(exists($apps{$app}->{Hidden}) && $apps{$app}->{Hidden});
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if (exists($apps{$app}->{TryExec})) {
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my $tryexec = $apps{$app}->{TryExec};
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if (substr($tryexec, 0, 1) eq '/') {
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# Skip if absolute path is not executable.
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next unless -x $tryexec;
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} else {
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# Search in $PATH for the executable.
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my $found = 0;
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for my $path (split(':', $ENV{PATH})) {
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next unless -x "$path/$tryexec";
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$found = 1;
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last;
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}
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next unless $found;
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}
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}
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if ($entry_type eq 'name' || $entry_type eq 'both') {
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if (exists($choices{$name})) {
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# There are two .desktop files which contain the same “Name” value.
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# I’m not sure if that is allowed to happen, but we disambiguate the
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# situation by appending “ (2)”, “ (3)”, etc. to the name.
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#
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# An example of this happening is exo-file-manager.desktop and
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# thunar-settings.desktop, both of which contain “Name=File Manager”.
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my $inc = 2;
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$inc++ while exists($choices{"$name ($inc)"});
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$name = "$name ($inc)";
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}
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$choices{$name} = $app;
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}
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if ($entry_type eq 'command' || $entry_type eq 'both') {
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my ($command) = split(' ', $apps{$app}->{Exec});
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$choices{basename($command)} = $app;
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}
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}
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# %choices now looks like this:
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#
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# %choices = {
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# 'Dokumentenbetrachter' => 'evince.desktop',
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# 'gedit' => 'gedit.desktop'
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# };
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Run dmenu to ask the user for her choice ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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# open2 will just make dmenu’s STDERR go to our own STDERR.
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my ($dmenu_out, $dmenu_in);
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my $pid = open2($dmenu_out, $dmenu_in, $dmenu_cmd);
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binmode $dmenu_in, ':utf8';
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binmode $dmenu_out, ':utf8';
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# Feed dmenu the possible choices.
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say $dmenu_in $_ for sort keys %choices;
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close($dmenu_in);
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waitpid($pid, 0);
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my $status = ($? >> 8);
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# Pass on dmenu’s exit status if there was an error.
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exit $status unless $status == 0;
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my $choice = <$dmenu_out>;
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my $app;
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# Exact match: the user chose “Avidemux (GTK+)”
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if (exists($choices{$choice})) {
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$app = $apps{$choices{$choice}};
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$choice = '';
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} else {
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# Not an exact match: the user entered “Avidemux (GTK+) ~/movie.mp4”
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for my $possibility (keys %choices) {
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next unless substr($choice, 0, length($possibility)) eq $possibility;
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$app = $apps{$choices{$possibility}};
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substr($choice, 0, length($possibility)) = '';
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# Remove whitespace separating the entry and arguments.
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$choice =~ s/^\s//g;
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last;
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}
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if (!defined($app)) {
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die "Invalid input: “$choice” does not match any application.";
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}
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}
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Make i3 start the chosen application. ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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my $name = $app->{Name};
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my $exec = $app->{Exec};
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my $location = $app->{_Location};
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# Quote as described by “The Exec key”:
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# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s06.html
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sub quote {
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my ($str) = @_;
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$str =~ s/("|`|\$|\\)/\\$1/g;
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$str = qq|"$str"| if $str ne "";
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return $str;
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}
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$choice = quote($choice);
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$location = quote($location);
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# Remove deprecated field codes, as the spec dictates.
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$exec =~ s/%[dDnNvm]//g;
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# Replace filename field codes with the rest of the command line.
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# Note that we assume the user uses precisely one file name,
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# not multiple file names.
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$exec =~ s/%[fF]/$choice/g;
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# If the program works with URLs,
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# we assume the user provided a URL instead of a filename.
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# As per the spec, there must be at most one of %f, %u, %F or %U present.
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$exec =~ s/%[uU]/$choice/g;
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# The translated name of the application.
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$exec =~ s/%c/$name/g;
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# XXX: Icons are not implemented. Is the complexity (looking up the path if
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# only a name is given) actually worth it?
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#$exec =~ s/%i/--icon $icon/g;
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# location of .desktop file
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$exec =~ s/%k/$location/g;
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# Literal % characters are represented as %%.
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$exec =~ s/%%/%/g;
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my $nosn = '';
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my $cmd;
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if (exists($app->{Terminal}) && $app->{Terminal}) {
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# For applications which specify “Terminal=true” (e.g. htop.desktop),
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# we need to create a temporary script that contains the full command line
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# as the syntax for starting commands with arguments varies from terminal
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# emulator to terminal emulator.
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# Then, we launch that script with i3-sensible-terminal.
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my ($fh, $filename) = tempfile();
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binmode($fh, ':utf8');
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say $fh <<EOT;
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#!/bin/sh
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rm $filename
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exec $exec
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EOT
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close($fh);
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chmod 0755, $filename;
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$cmd = qq|exec i3-sensible-terminal -e "$filename"|;
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} else {
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# i3 executes applications by passing the argument to i3’s “exec” command
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# as-is to $SHELL -c. The i3 parser supports quoted strings: When a string
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# starts with a double quote ("), everything is parsed as-is until the next
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# double quote which is NOT preceded by a backslash (\).
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#
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# Therefore, we escape all double quotes (") by replacing them with \"
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$exec =~ s/"/\\"/g;
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if (exists($app->{StartupNotify}) && !$app->{StartupNotify}) {
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$nosn = '--no-startup-id';
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}
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$cmd = qq|exec $nosn "$exec"|;
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}
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system('i3-msg', $cmd) == 0 or die "Could not launch i3-msg: $?";
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=encoding utf-8
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=head1 NAME
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i3-dmenu-desktop - run .desktop files with dmenu
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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i3-dmenu-desktop [--dmenu='dmenu -i'] [--entry-type=both]
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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i3-dmenu-desktop is a script which extracts the (localized) name from
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application .desktop files, offers the user a choice via dmenu(1) and then
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starts the chosen application via i3 (for startup notification support).
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The advantage of using .desktop files instead of dmenu_run(1) is that dmenu_run
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offers B<all> binaries in your $PATH, including non-interactive utilities like
|
||
"sed". Also, .desktop files contain a proper name, information about whether
|
||
the application runs in a terminal and whether it supports startup
|
||
notifications.
|
||
|
||
The .desktop files are searched in $XDG_DATA_HOME/applications (by default
|
||
$HOME/.local/share/applications) and in the "applications" subdirectory of each
|
||
entry of $XDG_DATA_DIRS (by default /usr/local/share/:/usr/share/).
|
||
|
||
Files with the same name in $XDG_DATA_HOME/applications take precedence over
|
||
files in $XDG_DATA_DIRS, so that you can overwrite parts of the system-wide
|
||
.desktop files by copying them to your local directory and making changes.
|
||
|
||
i3-dmenu-desktop displays the "Name" value in the localized version depending
|
||
on LC_MESSAGES as specified in the Desktop Entry Specification.
|
||
|
||
You can pass a filename or URL (%f/%F and %u/%U field codes in the .desktop
|
||
file respectively) by appending it to the name of the application. E.g., if you
|
||
want to launch "GNU Emacs 24" with the patch /tmp/foobar.txt, you would type
|
||
"emacs", press TAB, type " /tmp/foobar.txt" and press ENTER.
|
||
|
||
.desktop files with Terminal=true are started using i3-sensible-terminal(1).
|
||
|
||
.desktop files with NoDisplay=true or Hidden=true are skipped.
|
||
|
||
UTF-8 is supported, of course, but dmenu does not support displaying all
|
||
glyphs. E.g., xfce4-terminal.desktop's Name[fi]=Pääte will be displayed just
|
||
fine, but not its Name[ru]=Терминал.
|
||
|
||
=head1 OPTIONS
|
||
|
||
=over
|
||
|
||
=item B<--dmenu=command>
|
||
|
||
Execute command instead of 'dmenu -i'. This option can be used to pass custom
|
||
parameters to dmenu, or to make i3-dmenu-desktop start a custom (patched?)
|
||
version of dmenu.
|
||
|
||
=item B<--entry-type=type>
|
||
|
||
Display the (localized) "Name" (type = name) or the command (type = command) or
|
||
both (type = both) in dmenu.
|
||
|
||
Examples are "GNU Image Manipulation Program" (type = name), "gimp" (type =
|
||
command) and both (type = both).
|
||
|
||
=back
|
||
|
||
=head1 VERSION
|
||
|
||
Version 1.2
|
||
|
||
=head1 AUTHOR
|
||
|
||
Michael Stapelberg, C<< <michael at i3wm.org> >>
|
||
|
||
=head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT
|
||
|
||
Copyright 2012 Michael Stapelberg.
|
||
|
||
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||
under the terms of the BSD license.
|
||
|
||
=cut
|