doc: Add a "System Installation" node.
* doc/guix.texi (Installation): Add cross-ref to "System Installation". (System Installation): New section. (System Configuration): Remove disclaimer.
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Ludovic Courtès
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doc/guix.texi
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doc/guix.texi
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@ -126,6 +126,11 @@ GNU Guix is available for download from its website at
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software requirements of Guix, as well as how to install it and get
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ready to use it.
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Note that this section is concerned with the installation of the package
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manager, which can be done on top of a running GNU/Linux system. If,
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instead, you want to install the complete GNU operating system,
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@ref{System Installation}.
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The build procedure for Guix is the same as for other GNU software, and
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is not covered here. Please see the files @file{README} and
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@file{INSTALL} in the Guix source tree for additional details.
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@ -2598,6 +2603,7 @@ For information on porting to other architectures or kernels,
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@xref{Porting}.
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@menu
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* System Installation:: Installing the whole operating system.
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* Installing Debugging Files:: Feeding the debugger.
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* Package Modules:: Packages from the programmer's viewpoint.
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* Packaging Guidelines:: Growing the distribution.
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@ -2609,6 +2615,172 @@ For information on porting to other architectures or kernels,
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Building this distribution is a cooperative effort, and you are invited
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to join! @ref{Contributing}, for information about how you can help.
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@node System Installation
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@section System Installation
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This section explains how to install the complete GNU operating system
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on a machine. The Guix package manager can also be installed on top of
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a running GNU/Linux system, @ref{Installation}.
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@ifinfo
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@c This paragraph is for people reading this from tty2 of the
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@c installation image.
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You're reading this documentation with an Info reader. For details on
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how to use it, hit the @key{RET} key (``return'' or ``enter'') on the
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link that follows: @ref{Help,,, info, Info: An Introduction}. Hit
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@kbd{l} afterwards to come back here.
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@end ifinfo
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@emph{This section documents work-in-progress. The system lacks
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features and may be buggy. You've been warned. But more than a
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disclaimer, this is an invitation to report issues (and success
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stories!), and join us in improving it. @xref{Contributing}, for more
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info.}
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@subsection USB Stick Installation
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An installation image for USB sticks can be downloaded from
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@url{ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/guix/gnu-usb-install-@value{VERSION}.@var{system}.xz},
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where @var{system} is one of:
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@table @code
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@item x86_64-linux
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for a GNU/Linux system on Intel/AMD-compatible 64-bit CPUs;
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@item i686-linux
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for a 32-bit GNU/Linux system on Intel-compatible CPUs.
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@end table
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This image contains a single partition with the tools necessary for an
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installation. It is meant to be copied @emph{as is} to a large-enough
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USB stick.
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To copy the image to a USB stick, follow these steps:
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@enumerate
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@item
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Decompress the image using the @command{xz} command:
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@example
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xz -d gnu-usb-install-@value{VERSION}.@var{system}.xz
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@end example
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@item
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Insert a USB stick of 1@tie{}GiB or more in your machine, and determine
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its device name. Assuming that USB stick is known as @file{/dev/sdX},
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copy the image with:
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@example
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dd if=gnu-usb-install-20140629.x86_64 of=/dev/sdX
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@end example
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Access to @file{/dev/sdX} usually requires root privileges.
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@end enumerate
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Once this is done, you should be able to reboot the system and boot from
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the USB stick. The latter usually requires you to get in the BIOS' boot
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menu, where you can choose to boot from the USB stick.
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@subsection Preparing for Installation
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Once you have successfully booted the image on the USB stick, you should
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end up with a root prompt. Several console TTYs are configured and can
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be used to run commands as root. TTY2 shows this documentation,
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browsable using the Info reader commands (@pxref{Help,,, info, Info: An
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Introduction}).
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To install the system, you would:
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@enumerate
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@item
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Configure the network, by running @command{dhclient eth0} (to get an
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automatically assigned IP address from the wired network interface
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controller), or using the @command{ifconfig} command.
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The system automatically loads drivers for your network interface
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controllers.
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Setting up network access is almost always a requirement because the
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image does not contain all the software and tools that may be needed.
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@item
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Unless this has already been done, you must partition and format the
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target partitions.
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The installation image includes Parted (@pxref{Overview,,, parted, GNU
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Parted User Manual}), @command{fdisk}, and e2fsprogs, the suite of tools
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to manipulate ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems.
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@end enumerate
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Once that is done, mount the target root partition under @file{/mnt}.
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@subsection Proceeding with the Installation
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With the target partitions ready, you now have to edit a file and
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provide the declaration of the operating system to be installed. To
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that end, the installation system comes with two text editors: GNU nano
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(@pxref{Top,,, nano, GNU nano Manual}), and GNU Zile, an Emacs clone.
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It is better to store that file on the target root file system, say, as
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@file{/mnt/etc/config.scm}.
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A minimal operating system configuration, with just the bare minimum and
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only a root account would look like this:
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@example
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(use-modules (gnu))
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(operating-system
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(host-name "foo")
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(timezone "Europe/Paris")
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(locale "en_US.UTF-8")
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;; Assuming /dev/sdX is the target hard disk, and /dev/sdX1 the
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;; target root file system.
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(bootloader (grub-configuration (device "/dev/sdX")))
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(file-systems (list (file-system
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(device "/dev/sdX1")
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(mount-point "/")
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(type "ext4")))))
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@end example
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@noindent
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For more information on @code{operating-system} declarations,
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@xref{Using the Configuration System}.
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Once that is done, the new system must be initialized (remember that the
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target root file system is mounted under @file{/mnt}):
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@example
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guix system init /mnt/etc/config.scm /mnt
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@end example
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@noindent
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This will copy all the necessary files, and install GRUB on
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@file{/dev/sdX}, unless you pass the @option{--no-grub} option. For
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more information, @xref{Invoking guix system}. This command may trigger
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downloads or builds of missing packages, which can take some time.
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Once that command has completed---and hopefully succeeded!---you can
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unmount @file{/mnt} and boot into the new system. Cross fingers, and
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join us on @code{#guix} on the Freenode IRC network or on
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@file{guix-devel@@gnu.org} to share your experience---good or not so
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good.
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@subsection Building the Installation Image
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The installation image described above was built using the @command{guix
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system} command, specifically:
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@example
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guix system disk-image --image-size=800MiB gnu/system/install.scm
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@end example
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@xref{Invoking guix system}, for more information. See
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@file{gnu/system/install.scm} in the source tree for more information
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about the installation image.
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@node Installing Debugging Files
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@section Installing Debugging Files
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@ -3079,10 +3251,6 @@ reason.
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@node System Configuration
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@section System Configuration
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@emph{This section documents work-in-progress. As such it may be
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incomplete, outdated, or open to discussions. Please discuss it on
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@email{guix-devel@@gnu.org}.}
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@cindex system configuration
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The GNU system supports a consistent whole-system configuration
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mechanism. By that we mean that all aspects of the global system
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