doc: Add "Adding New Packages".
* doc/guix.texi (Adding New Packages): New section. (Packaging Guidelines): Make a subsection thereof. (From the Source Tarball to the Package): New subsection. (Contributing): Link to "Adding New Packages". (Package Modules): Link to modules in Guile's manual.
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Ludovic Courtès
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doc/guix.texi
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doc/guix.texi
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@ -1482,9 +1482,9 @@ tight integration of GNU components, and an emphasis on programs and
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tools that help users exert that freedom.
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@menu
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* Packaging Guidelines:: What goes into the distribution.
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* Installing Debugging Files:: Feeding the debugger.
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* Package Modules:: Packages from the programmer's viewpoint.
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* Adding New Packages:: Growing the distribution.
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* Bootstrapping:: GNU/Linux built from scratch.
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* Porting:: Targeting another platform or kernel.
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@end menu
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@ -1492,25 +1492,6 @@ tools that help users exert that freedom.
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Building this distribution is a cooperative effort, and you are invited
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to join! @ref{Contributing}, for information about how you can help.
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@node Packaging Guidelines
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@section Packaging Guidelines
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@c Adapted from http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html.
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The GNU operating system has been developed so that users can have
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freedom in their computing. GNU is @dfn{free software}, meaning that
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users have the @url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html,four
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essential freedoms}: to run the program, to study and change the program
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in source code form, to redistribute exact copies, and to distribute
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modified versions. Packages found in the GNU distribution provide only
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software that conveys these four freedoms.
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In addition, the GNU distribution follow the
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@url{http://www.gnu.org/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html,free
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software distribution guidelines}. Among other things, these guidelines
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reject non-free firmware, recommendations of non-free software, and
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discuss ways to deal with trademarks and patents.
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@node Installing Debugging Files
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@section Installing Debugging Files
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@ -1575,8 +1556,9 @@ the load. To check whether a package has a @code{debug} output, use
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From a programming viewpoint, the package definitions of the
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distribution are provided by Guile modules in the @code{(gnu packages
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...)} name space---for instance, the @code{(gnu packages emacs)} module
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exports a variable named @code{emacs}, which is bound to a
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...)} name space (@pxref{Modules, Guile modules,, guile, GNU Guile
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Reference Manual}). For instance, the @code{(gnu packages emacs)}
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module exports a variable named @code{emacs}, which is bound to a
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@code{<package>} object (@pxref{Defining Packages}). The @code{(gnu
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packages)} module provides facilities for searching for packages.
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@ -1584,7 +1566,87 @@ The distribution is fully @dfn{bootstrapped} and @dfn{self-contained}:
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each package is built based solely on other packages in the
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distribution. The root of this dependency graph is a small set of
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@dfn{bootstrap binaries}, provided by the @code{(gnu packages
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bootstrap)} module. More on this in the next section.
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bootstrap)} module. For more information on bootstrapping,
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@ref{Bootstrapping}.
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@node Adding New Packages
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@section Adding New Packages
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The GNU distribution is nascent and may well lack some of your favorite
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packages. This section describes how you can help make the distribution
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grow. @ref{Contributing}, for additional information on how you can
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help.
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@menu
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* Packaging Guidelines:: What goes into the distribution.
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* From the Source Tarball to the Package:: The story of a package.
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@end menu
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@node Packaging Guidelines
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@subsection Packaging Guidelines
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@c Adapted from http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html.
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The GNU operating system has been developed so that users can have
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freedom in their computing. GNU is @dfn{free software}, meaning that
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users have the @url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html,four
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essential freedoms}: to run the program, to study and change the program
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in source code form, to redistribute exact copies, and to distribute
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modified versions. Packages found in the GNU distribution provide only
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software that conveys these four freedoms.
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In addition, the GNU distribution follow the
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@url{http://www.gnu.org/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html,free
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software distribution guidelines}. Among other things, these guidelines
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reject non-free firmware, recommendations of non-free software, and
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discuss ways to deal with trademarks and patents.
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@node From the Source Tarball to the Package
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@subsection From the Source Tarball, to the Package Definition, to the Binary Package
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Free software packages are usually distributed in the form of
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@dfn{source code tarballs}---typically @file{tar.gz} files that contain
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all the source files. Adding a package to the distribution means
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essentially two things: adding a @dfn{recipe} that describes how to
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build the package, including a list of other packages required to build
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it, and adding @dfn{package meta-data} along with that recipe, such as a
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description and licensing information.
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In Guix all this information is embodied in @dfn{package definitions}.
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Package definitions provide a high-level view of the package. They are
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written using the syntax of the Scheme programming language; in fact,
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for each package we define a variable bound to the package definition,
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and export that variable from a module (@pxref{Package Modules}).
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However, in-depth Scheme knowledge is @emph{not} a prerequisite for
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creating packages. For more information on package definitions,
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@ref{Defining Packages}.
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Once a package definition is in place, stored in a file in the Guix
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source tree, it can be tested using the @command{guix build} command
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(@pxref{Invoking guix build}). For example, assuming the new package is
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called @code{gnew}, you may run this command from the Guix build tree:
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@example
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./pre-inst-env guix build gnew --keep-failed
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@end example
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Using @code{--keep-failed} makes it easier to debug build failures since
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it provides access to the failed build tree.
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Once your package builds correctly, please send us a patch
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(@pxref{Contributing}). Well, if you need help, we will be happy to
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help you too. Once the patch is committed in the Guix repository, the
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new package automatically gets built on the supported platforms by
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@url{http://hydra.gnu.org/gnu/master, our continuous integration
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system}.
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@cindex substituter
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Users can obtain the new package definition simply by running
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@command{guix pull} (@pxref{Invoking guix pull}). When
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@code{hydra.gnu.org} is done building the package, installing the
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package automatically downloads binaries from there (except when using
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@code{--no-substitutes}). The only place where human intervention is
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needed is to review and apply the patch.
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@node Bootstrapping
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@ -1756,7 +1818,8 @@ reason.
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This project is a cooperative effort, and we need your help to make it
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grow! Please get in touch with us on @email{guix-devel@@gnu.org}. We
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welcome ideas, bug reports, patches, and anything that may be helpful to
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the project.
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the project. We particularly welcome help on packaging (@pxref{Adding
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New Packages}).
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Please see the
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@url{http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/tree/HACKING,
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