;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU ;;; Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org> ;;; Copyright © 2015 Mark H Weaver <mhw@netris.org> ;;; Copyright © 2016 Andreas Enge <andreas@enge.fr> ;;; Copyright © 2017 Marius Bakke <mbakke@fastmail.com> ;;; Copyright © 2017 Tobias Geerinckx-Rice <me@tobias.gr> ;;; ;;; This file is part of GNU Guix. ;;; ;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it ;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at ;;; your option) any later version. ;;; ;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but ;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ;;; GNU General Public License for more details. ;;; ;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License ;;; along with GNU Guix. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. (define-module (gnu system install) #:use-module (gnu) #:use-module (gnu system) #:use-module (gnu bootloader u-boot) #:use-module (guix gexp) #:use-module (guix store) #:use-module (guix monads) #:use-module ((guix packages) #:select (package-version)) #:use-module ((guix store) #:select (%store-prefix)) #:use-module (gnu installer) #:use-module (gnu services dbus) #:use-module (gnu services networking) #:use-module (gnu services shepherd) #:use-module (gnu services ssh) #:use-module (gnu packages admin) #:use-module (gnu packages bash) #:use-module (gnu packages bootloaders) #:use-module (gnu packages certs) #:use-module (gnu packages fonts) #:use-module (gnu packages fontutils) #:use-module (gnu packages guile) #:use-module (gnu packages linux) #:use-module (gnu packages ssh) #:use-module (gnu packages cryptsetup) #:use-module (gnu packages package-management) #:use-module (gnu packages disk) #:use-module (gnu packages texinfo) #:use-module (gnu packages compression) #:use-module (gnu packages nvi) #:use-module (ice-9 match) #:use-module (srfi srfi-26) #:export (installation-os a20-olinuxino-lime-installation-os a20-olinuxino-lime2-emmc-installation-os a20-olinuxino-micro-installation-os bananapi-m2-ultra-installation-os beaglebone-black-installation-os mx6cuboxi-installation-os nintendo-nes-classic-edition-installation-os novena-installation-os pine64-plus-installation-os pinebook-installation-os rk3399-puma-installation-os wandboard-installation-os os-with-u-boot)) ;;; Commentary: ;;; ;;; This module provides an 'operating-system' definition for use on images ;;; for USB sticks etc., for the installation of the GNU system. ;;; ;;; Code: ;;; ;;; Documentation service. ;;; (define %installation-node-names ;; Translated name of the "System Installation" node of the manual. Ideally ;; we'd extract it from the 'guix-manual' gettext domain, but that one is ;; usually not available at run time, hence this hack. '(("de" . "Systeminstallation") ("en" . "System Installation") ("es" . "Instalación del sistema") ("fr" . "Installation du système") ("ru" . "Установка системы"))) (define (log-to-info tty user) "Return a script that spawns the Info reader on the right section of the manual." (program-file "log-to-info" #~(let* ((tty (open-file #$(string-append "/dev/" tty) "r0+")) (locale (cadr (command-line))) (language (string-take locale (string-index locale #\_))) (infodir "/run/current-system/profile/share/info") (per-lang (string-append infodir "/guix." language ".info.gz")) (file (if (file-exists? per-lang) per-lang (string-append infodir "/guix.info"))) (node (or (assoc-ref '#$%installation-node-names language) "System Installation"))) (redirect-port tty (current-output-port)) (redirect-port tty (current-error-port)) (redirect-port tty (current-input-port)) (let ((pw (getpwnam #$user))) (setgid (passwd:gid pw)) (setuid (passwd:uid pw))) ;; 'gunzip' is needed to decompress the doc. (setenv "PATH" (string-append #$gzip "/bin")) ;; Change this process' locale so that command-line ;; arguments to 'info' are properly encoded. (catch #t (lambda () (setlocale LC_ALL locale) (setenv "LC_ALL" locale)) (lambda _ ;; Sometimes LOCALE itself is not available. In that ;; case pick the one UTF-8 locale that's known to work ;; instead of failing. (setlocale LC_ALL "en_US.utf8") (setenv "LC_ALL" "en_US.utf8"))) (execl #$(file-append info-reader "/bin/info") "info" "-d" infodir "-f" file "-n" node)))) (define (documentation-shepherd-service tty) (list (shepherd-service (provision (list (symbol-append 'term- (string->symbol tty)))) (requirement '(user-processes host-name udev virtual-terminal)) (start #~(lambda* (#:optional (locale "en_US.utf8")) (fork+exec-command (list #$(log-to-info tty "documentation") locale) #:environment-variables `("GUIX_LOCPATH=/run/current-system/locale" "TERM=linux")))) (stop #~(make-kill-destructor))))) (define %documentation-users ;; User account for the Info viewer. (list (user-account (name "documentation") (system? #t) (group "nogroup") (home-directory "/var/empty")))) (define documentation-service-type ;; Documentation viewer service. (service-type (name 'documentation) (extensions (list (service-extension shepherd-root-service-type documentation-shepherd-service) (service-extension account-service-type (const %documentation-users)))) (description "Run the Info reader on a tty."))) (define %backing-directory ;; Sub-directory used as the backing store for copy-on-write. "/tmp/guix-inst") (define (make-cow-store target) "Return a gexp that makes the store copy-on-write, using TARGET as the backing store. This is useful when TARGET is on a hard disk, whereas the current store is on a RAM disk." (define (set-store-permissions directory) ;; Set the right perms on DIRECTORY to use it as the store. #~(begin (chown #$directory 0 30000) ;use the fixed 'guixbuild' GID (chmod #$directory #o1775))) #~(begin ;; Bind-mount TARGET's /tmp in case we need space to build things. (let ((tmpdir (string-append #$target "/tmp"))) (mkdir-p tmpdir) (mount tmpdir "/tmp" "none" MS_BIND)) (let* ((rw-dir (string-append target #$%backing-directory)) (work-dir (string-append rw-dir "/../.overlayfs-workdir"))) (mkdir-p rw-dir) (mkdir-p work-dir) (mkdir-p "/.rw-store") #$(set-store-permissions #~rw-dir) #$(set-store-permissions "/.rw-store") ;; Mount the overlay, then atomically make it the store. (mount "none" "/.rw-store" "overlay" 0 (string-append "lowerdir=" #$(%store-prefix) "," "upperdir=" rw-dir "," "workdir=" work-dir)) (mount "/.rw-store" #$(%store-prefix) "" MS_MOVE) (rmdir "/.rw-store")))) (define cow-store-service-type (shepherd-service-type 'cow-store (lambda _ (shepherd-service (requirement '(root-file-system user-processes)) (provision '(cow-store)) (documentation "Make the store copy-on-write, with writes going to \ the given target.") ;; This is meant to be explicitly started by the user. (auto-start? #f) (start #~(case-lambda ((target) #$(make-cow-store #~target) target) (else ;; Do nothing, and mark the service as stopped. #f))) (stop #~(lambda (target) ;; Delete the temporary directory, but leave everything ;; mounted as there may still be processes using it since ;; 'user-processes' doesn't depend on us. The 'user-file-systems' ;; service will unmount TARGET eventually. (delete-file-recursively (string-append target #$%backing-directory)))))))) (define (cow-store-service) "Return a service that makes the store copy-on-write, such that writes go to the user's target storage device rather than on the RAM disk." ;; See <http://bugs.gnu.org/18061> for the initial report. (service cow-store-service-type 'mooooh!)) (define (/etc/configuration-files _) "Return a list of tuples representing configuration templates to add to /etc." (define (file f) (local-file (string-append "examples/" f))) (define directory (computed-file "configuration-templates" (with-imported-modules '((guix build utils)) #~(begin (mkdir #$output) (for-each (lambda (file target) (copy-file file (string-append #$output "/" target))) '(#$(file "bare-bones.tmpl") #$(file "beaglebone-black.tmpl") #$(file "desktop.tmpl") #$(file "lightweight-desktop.tmpl")) '("bare-bones.scm" "beaglebone-black.scm" "desktop.scm" "lightweight-desktop.scm")) #t)))) `(("configuration" ,directory))) (define configuration-template-service-type (service-type (name 'configuration-template) (extensions (list (service-extension etc-service-type /etc/configuration-files))))) (define %configuration-template-service (service configuration-template-service-type #t)) (define %nscd-minimal-caches ;; Minimal in-memory caching policy for nscd. (list (nscd-cache (database 'hosts) (positive-time-to-live (* 3600 12)) ;; Do not cache lookup failures at all since they are ;; quite likely (for instance when someone tries to ping a ;; host before networking is functional.) (negative-time-to-live 0) (persistent? #f) (max-database-size (* 5 (expt 2 20)))))) ;5 MiB (define %installation-services ;; List of services of the installation system. (let ((motd (plain-file "motd" " \x1b[1;37mWelcome to the installation of GNU Guix!\x1b[0m \x1b[2m\ Using this shell, you can carry out the installation process \"manually.\" Access documentation at any time by pressing Alt-F2.\x1b[0m "))) (define (normal-tty tty) (mingetty-service (mingetty-configuration (tty tty) (auto-login "root") (login-pause? #t)))) (define bare-bones-os (load "examples/bare-bones.tmpl")) (list (service virtual-terminal-service-type) (service kmscon-service-type (kmscon-configuration (virtual-terminal "tty1") (login-program (installer-program)))) (login-service (login-configuration (motd motd))) ;; Documentation. The manual is in UTF-8, but ;; 'console-font-service' sets up Unicode support and loads a font ;; with all the useful glyphs like em dash and quotation marks. (service documentation-service-type "tty2") ;; Documentation add-on. %configuration-template-service ;; A bunch of 'root' ttys. (normal-tty "tty3") (normal-tty "tty4") (normal-tty "tty5") (normal-tty "tty6") ;; The usual services. (syslog-service) ;; The build daemon. Register the hydra.gnu.org key as trusted. ;; This allows the installation process to use substitutes by ;; default. (service guix-service-type (guix-configuration (authorize-key? #t))) ;; Start udev so that useful device nodes are available. ;; Use device-mapper rules for cryptsetup & co; enable the CRDA for ;; regulations-compliant WiFi access. (udev-service #:rules (list lvm2 crda)) ;; Add the 'cow-store' service, which users have to start manually ;; since it takes the installation directory as an argument. (cow-store-service) ;; Install Unicode support and a suitable font. (service console-font-service-type (map (match-lambda ("tty2" ;; Use a font that contains characters such as ;; curly quotes as found in the manual. '("tty2" . "LatGrkCyr-8x16")) (tty ;; Use a font that doesn't have more than 256 ;; glyphs so that we can use colors with varying ;; brightness levels (see note in setfont(8)). `(,tty . "lat9u-16"))) '("tty1" "tty2" "tty3" "tty4" "tty5" "tty6"))) ;; To facilitate copy/paste. (service gpm-service-type) ;; Add an SSH server to facilitate remote installs. (service openssh-service-type (openssh-configuration (port-number 22) (permit-root-login #t) ;; The root account is passwordless, so make sure ;; a password is set before allowing logins. (allow-empty-passwords? #f) (password-authentication? #t) ;; Don't start it upfront. (%auto-start? #f))) ;; Since this is running on a USB stick with a overlayfs as the root ;; file system, use an appropriate cache configuration. (nscd-service (nscd-configuration (caches %nscd-minimal-caches))) ;; Having /bin/sh is a good idea. In particular it allows Tramp ;; connections to this system to work. (service special-files-service-type `(("/bin/sh" ,(file-append (canonical-package bash) "/bin/sh")))) ;; Loopback device, needed by OpenSSH notably. (service static-networking-service-type (list (static-networking (interface "lo") (ip "127.0.0.1") (requirement '()) (provision '(loopback))))) (service wpa-supplicant-service-type) (dbus-service) (service connman-service-type (connman-configuration (disable-vpn? #t))) ;; Keep a reference to BARE-BONES-OS to make sure it can be ;; installed without downloading/building anything. Also keep the ;; things needed by 'profile-derivation' to minimize the amount of ;; download. (service gc-root-service-type (list bare-bones-os glibc-utf8-locales texinfo (canonical-package guile-2.2)))))) (define %issue ;; Greeting. " \x1b[1;37mThis is an installation image of the GNU system. Welcome.\x1b[0m \x1b[1;33mUse Alt-F2 for documentation.\x1b[0m ") (define installation-os ;; The operating system used on installation images for USB sticks etc. (operating-system (host-name "gnu") (timezone "Europe/Paris") (locale "en_US.utf8") (bootloader (bootloader-configuration (bootloader grub-bootloader) (target "/dev/sda"))) (label (string-append "GNU Guix installation " (package-version guix))) ;; XXX: The AMD Radeon driver is reportedly broken, which makes kmscon ;; non-functional: ;; <https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/guix-devel/2019-03/msg00441.html>. ;; Thus, blacklist it. (kernel-arguments '("quiet" "modprobe.blacklist=radeon")) (file-systems ;; Note: the disk image build code overrides this root file system with ;; the appropriate one. (cons* (file-system (mount-point "/") (device (file-system-label "Guix_image")) (type "ext4")) ;; Make /tmp a tmpfs instead of keeping the overlayfs. This ;; originally was used for unionfs because FUSE creates ;; '.fuse_hiddenXYZ' files for each open file, and this confuses ;; Guix's test suite, for instance (see ;; <http://bugs.gnu.org/23056>). We keep this for overlayfs to be ;; on the safe side. (file-system (mount-point "/tmp") (device "none") (type "tmpfs") (check? #f)) ;; XXX: This should be %BASE-FILE-SYSTEMS but we don't need ;; elogind's cgroup file systems. (list %pseudo-terminal-file-system %shared-memory-file-system %immutable-store))) (users (list (user-account (name "guest") (group "users") (supplementary-groups '("wheel")) ; allow use of sudo (password "") (comment "Guest of GNU")))) (issue %issue) (services %installation-services) ;; We don't need setuid programs, except for 'passwd', which can be handy ;; if one is to allow remote SSH login to the machine being installed. (setuid-programs (list (file-append shadow "/bin/passwd"))) (pam-services ;; Explicitly allow for empty passwords. (base-pam-services #:allow-empty-passwords? #t)) (packages (cons* (canonical-package glibc) ;for 'tzselect' & co. parted gptfdisk ddrescue fontconfig font-dejavu font-gnu-unifont grub ;mostly so xrefs to its manual work cryptsetup mdadm dosfstools ;mkfs.fat, for the UEFI boot partition btrfs-progs openssh ;we already have sshd, having ssh/scp can help wireless-tools iw wpa-supplicant-minimal iproute ;; XXX: We used to have GNU fdisk here, but as of version ;; 2.0.0a, that pulls Guile 1.8, which takes unreasonable ;; space; furthermore util-linux's fdisk is already ;; available here, so we keep that. bash-completion nvi ;:wq! nss-certs ; To access HTTPS, use git, etc. %base-packages)))) (define* (os-with-u-boot os board #:key (bootloader-target "/dev/mmcblk0") (triplet "arm-linux-gnueabihf")) "Given OS, amend it with the u-boot bootloader for BOARD, installed to BOOTLOADER-TARGET (a drive), compiled for TRIPLET. If you want a serial console, make sure to specify one in your operating-system's kernel-arguments (\"console=ttyS0\" or similar)." (operating-system (inherit os) (bootloader (bootloader-configuration (bootloader (bootloader (inherit u-boot-bootloader) (package (make-u-boot-package board triplet)))) (target bootloader-target))))) (define* (embedded-installation-os bootloader bootloader-target tty #:key (extra-modules '())) "Return an installation os for embedded systems. The initrd gets the extra modules EXTRA-MODULES. A getty is provided on TTY. The bootloader BOOTLOADER is installed to BOOTLOADER-TARGET." (operating-system (inherit installation-os) (bootloader (bootloader-configuration (bootloader bootloader) (target bootloader-target))) (kernel linux-libre) (kernel-arguments (cons (string-append "console=" tty) (operating-system-user-kernel-arguments installation-os))) (initrd-modules (append extra-modules %base-initrd-modules)))) (define beaglebone-black-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-beaglebone-black-bootloader "/dev/sda" "ttyO0" #:extra-modules ;; This module is required to mount the sd card. '("omap_hsmmc"))) (define a20-olinuxino-lime-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-a20-olinuxino-lime-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttyS0")) (define a20-olinuxino-lime2-emmc-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-a20-olinuxino-lime2-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk1" ; eMMC storage "ttyS0")) (define a20-olinuxino-micro-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-a20-olinuxino-micro-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttyS0")) (define bananapi-m2-ultra-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-bananapi-m2-ultra-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk1" ; eMMC storage "ttyS0")) (define mx6cuboxi-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-mx6cuboxi-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttymxc0")) (define novena-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-novena-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk1" ; SD card storage "ttymxc1")) (define nintendo-nes-classic-edition-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-nintendo-nes-classic-edition-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card (solder it yourself) "ttyS0")) (define pine64-plus-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-pine64-plus-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttyS0")) (define pinebook-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-pinebook-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttyS0")) (define rk3399-puma-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-puma-rk3399-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttyS0")) (define wandboard-installation-os (embedded-installation-os u-boot-wandboard-bootloader "/dev/mmcblk0" ; SD card storage "ttymxc0")) ;; Return the default os here so 'guix system' can consume it directly. installation-os ;;; install.scm ends here